Global Market for Antimicrobials and Antifungals; The

Challenging Resistance to 2016

Publication Date December 2006
ISBN n/a
Pages 329
Tables 82
Figures 28

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Antibiotic resistance is a significant problem which is negatively impacting prescribing patterns, consequently reducing antibiotic usage. The total worldwide market for antibiotics and antifungals was US$25 billion in 2005, but is predicted to fall to between US$15 and US$20 billion by 2016. This forecast is based on a number of factors, but largely due to declining rates of antibiotic prescriptions for respiratory infections - a major segment of the market. Other contributing factors include the loss of market exclusivity for a number of popular branded antibiotics, including Abbott's Biaxin and Pfizer's Zithromax in 2005. Generic competitors of these drugs have already been launched and are set to make serious inroads on the branded market in the years to come.

In this unique market analysis report, The Global Market for Antimicrobials and Antifungals: Challenging Resistance to 2016, the reader will be presented with a comprehensive asessment of the global market for anti-infectives and antifungals. Included in the analysis are therapeutics to combat the lethal microorganisms MRSA, C. difficile, and the highly infectious agents potentially used in bioterrorism. The report also provides current sales and prescription trends for antibiotics and antifungals and a detailed review of the current armamentarium of marketed antibiotics and antifungals. Resistance mechanisms and efforts to target those mechanisms in drug discovery are also discussed. Furthermore, mechanisms of action of current and novel anti-infective therapeutics, side effects, and how differences in dosage formulations can affect their attractiveness to physicians and patients are also detailed. The report also provides an up-to-date extensive list of companies engaged in antibacterial and antifungal drug discovery and lists some of the novel scientific approaches being taken, including chemical biology, toxicogenomics, and computational approaches. It further documents efforts by companies to extend profits on drugs that are off-patent by developing new formulations with additional advantages benefiting patient compliance. Pipeline products and their advantages and disadvantages are also covered in-depth in the market analysis.

  • Executive Summary
  • Objective of the Report
  • Research Methodology
  • Chapter 1. Introduction To Antibiotics And Antifungals
    • 1.1 Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi
    • 1.1.1 Types of Bacteria and Morphological Characteristics
    • 1.1.1.1 Gram-Positive versus Gram-Negative
    • 1.1.1.2 Aerobes, Anaerobes, and Facultative Anaerobes
    • 1.1.1.3 Morphological Characteristics
    • 1.1.1.4 Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance
    • 1.1.1.5 Other Characteristics
    • 1.1.1.6 Atypical Bacteria
    • 1.1.1.7 Normal Human Flora
    • 1.2 Types of Fungi
    • 1.2.1 Candida
    • 1.2.2 Dermatophytes
    • 1.2.3 Aspergillus
    • 1.2.4 Coccidiodes immitis
    • 1.3 Antibiotic and Antifungal Evaluation
    • 1.4 Epidemiology of Microbial Disease in the Developed and Developing World
    • 1.5 The Challenge of Resistance
  • Chapter 2. Bacterial And Fungal Infections And Diseases
    • 2.1 Respiratory Tract Infections
    • 2.1.1 Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
    • 2.1.2 Less Common Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
    • 2.1.2 Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
    • 2.1.2.4 Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
    • 2.1.2.5 Staphylococcus aureus
    • 2.1.2.6 Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
    • 2.1.3 Other Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
    • 2.2 Invasive Infections
    • 2.2.4 Intra-Abdominal Infections
    • 2.2.5 Intra-Abdominal Abscesses
    • 2.3 Skin, Eye, Soft Tissue, Joint and Bone Infections
    • 2.3.7 Ophthalmic Infections
    • 2.3.2 Bone and Joint Infections
    • 2.4 Genito-Urinary Tract Infections
    • 2.4.1 Urinary Tract Infections
    • 2.4.1.3 Hospital Acquired Urinary Tract Infections
    • 2.6 Sexually Transmitted Infections
    • 2.7 Gastrointestinal Diseases and Infections
    • 2.7.7 Other Gastrointestinal or Food-Borne Infections
    • 2.9 Infectious Agents Potentially Utilised in Bioterrorism or Biowarfare
    • 2.10 Bacterial Infections of the Tropical and Developing World
    • 2.11 Fungal Diseases and Infections
    • 2.11.1 Invasive Fungal Infections
    • 2.11.2 Noninvasive Fungal Infections
  • Chapter 3. Classic Antibiotics And Antifungals: Pipeline Insights
    • 3.0 Classic Antibiotics and Antifungals by Mechanism of Action
    • 3.1 Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors
    • 3.1.2.1 Penicillins
    • 3.1.2.2 Cephalosporins
    • 3.1.2.3 Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors
    • 3.1.2.4 Carbapenems
    • 3.1.4 Monobactams
    • 3.1.5 Vancomycin
    • 3.1.5.1 Vancomycin Descendents in the Pipeline
    • 3.2 Cell Membrane Disruptors
    • 3.2.5.5 Pipeline Triazoles
    • 3.3 Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
    • 3.3.1 Aminoglycosides
    • 3.3.1.1 Pipeline Aminoglycosides
    • 3.3.4 Macrolides
    • 3.3.4.3 Pipeline Macrolides
    • 3.3.6.1 Novel Tetracyclines
    • 3.4 Transfer RNA Synthetase Inhibitors
    • 3.5 Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors
    • 3.5.1 Antifungal Agents
    • 3.5.2 Fluoroquinolones
    • 3.5.2.1 Pipeline Fluoroquinolones
    • 3.5.3.3 Rifamycins in the Pipeline
    • 3.6 Folic Acid Synthesis Blockers
    • 3.6.1 Antituberculosis Drugs
    • 3.6.2.1 Pipeline Diaminopyrimidines
    • 3.6.3 Sulphonamides and Sulphones
  • Chapter 4. New Structures And/Or Novel Targets: Approved Or In The Pipeline
    • 4.0 New Structures and Novel Targets Recently Approved and in the Pipeline
    • 4.1 Approved Products
    • 4.2 Novel Antibiotics
    • 4.3 Novel Antifungals
    • 4.4 Novel Antibiotics - New Drug Applications Submitted
    • 4.5 Novel Antibiotics in Clinical Trials
    • 4.6 Antibiotics at Preclinical/Early Research Stage
    • 4.6.1 Cationic Peptides
    • 4.6.2 Defensins
    • 4.6.3 DNA Replication Inhibitors
  • Chapter 5. The World Market For Anti-Infectives And Antifungals
    • 5.1 Global Size of Antibiotic and Antifungal Markets
    • 5.1.1 Generic Antibiotic and Antifungal Drug Sales
    • 5.2 World Market Leaders in Branded Antibiotics
    • 5.3 US Market Leaders in Branded and Generic Antibiotics and Antifungals
    • 5.4 Market Shares of Branded and Generic Antibiotics by Class
    • 5.5 Trends in Antibiotic and Antifungal Sales
    • 5.6 Factors Affecting Worldwide Antibiotic and Antifungal Sales
    • 5.6.1 Loss of Market Exclusivity/Generic Competition
    • 5.6.2 Impact of Generic Sales on Individual Companies
    • 5.6.4.1 Biodefense
    • 5.6.5 Impact of Rising Levels of Antibiotic and Antifungal Resistance
    • 5.6.5.1 Increase in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Infections
    • 5.6.9.1 Macrolides
    • 5.6.9.2 Fluoroquinolones
    • 5.6.9.3 Penicillins and Cephalosporins
    • 5.9.6.4 Carbapenems and Linezolid
    • 5.6.10 Impact of Toxicity and Adverse Side Effects
    • 5.7 Market Predictions for Antibiotic and Antifungal Sectors to 2016
    • 5.7.1 Predictions for Antibiotics and Antifungals Based on Current Sales Figures
    • 5.7.2 Market Predictions Based on Trends in Infectious Disease Cases
    • 5.8 Potential Impact of Competing Technologies
    • 5.8.1 Therapeutic Antibodies and Vaccines
    • 5.8.2 Summary on the Impact of Competing Technologies
    • 5.8.3 Phage-Based Antibacterials

This report was orgininally published by Spectra Intelligence.